"bunuh" meaning in All languages combined

See bunuh on Wiktionary

Verb [Indonesian]

IPA: /ˈbunuh/ [Standard-Indonesian], [ˈbu.nʊh] [Standard-Indonesian] Forms: membunuh [active], dibunuh [passive], terbunuh [passive, perfective]
Rhymes: -unuh Etymology: Inherited from Malay bunuh, from Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|id|ms|bunuh|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Malay bunuh, {{inh+|id|ms|bunuh}} Inherited from Malay bunuh, {{inh|id|poz-mly-pro|*bunuh}} Proto-Malayic *bunuh, {{inh|id|poz-pro|*bunuq}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, {{inh|id|map-pro|*buNuq}} Proto-Austronesian *buNuq Head templates: {{head|id|verb|active|membunuh|passive|dibunuh|perfective passive|terbunuh}} bunuh (active membunuh, passive dibunuh, perfective passive terbunuh)
  1. (transitive) to kill Tags: transitive Synonyms: matikan [uncommon], boenoeh (alt: van Ophuijsen (1901–1947)) Derived forms: berbunuh-bunuhan, bersibunuh, bunuh-bunuhan, bunuh-membunuh, pembunuh, pembunuhan, bunuh diri
    Sense id: en-bunuh-id-verb-Ps~5DR-I Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries

Verb [Malay]

IPA: /bunuh/, [ˈbunʊh] (note: Johor-Riau), [ˈbunoh] (note: Johor-Riau) Forms: بونوه [Jawi]
Rhymes: -unoh, -noh, -oh, -uh Etymology: From Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq. First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay वुनुः (vunuḥ), in inflected form nivunuh (current spelling dibunuh). Etymology templates: {{inh|ms|poz-mly-pro|*bunuh}} Proto-Malayic *bunuh, {{inh|ms|poz-pro|*bunuq}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, {{inh|ms|map-pro|*buNuq}} Proto-Austronesian *buNuq, {{m+|ms-old|वुनुः|tr=vunuḥ}} Old Malay वुनुः (vunuḥ) Head templates: {{ms-verb|j=بونوه}} bunuh (Jawi spelling بونوه)
  1. to kill (put to death)
    Sense id: en-bunuh-ms-verb-yU4PQlhv Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay terms in nonstandard scripts, Malay verbs without transitivity, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Derived forms: pembunuh [agentive (alt: peN-), qualitative (peN-) (alt: peN-), instrumental (peN-) (alt: peN-), abstract (peN-) (alt: peN-), measure] (peN-) (alt: peN-), pembunuhan [agentive (english: peN- + -an), qualitative (english: peN- + -an), instrumental (english: peN- + -an), abstract (english: peN- + -an), measure + resultative (english: peN- + -an), locative (english: peN- + -an), collective (english: peN- + -an), variety (english: peN- + -an), verbal noun (english: peN- + -an), fruit] (english: peN- + -an), bunuhan [resultative (alt: -an), locative (-an) (alt: -an), collective (-an) (alt: -an), variety (-an) (alt: -an), verbal noun (-an) (alt: -an), fruit] (-an) (alt: -an), membunuh [agent focus] (alt: meN-), dibunuh [patient focus] (alt: di-), terbunuh [agentless action] (alt: teR-), berbunuhan [stative (english: beR- + -an), habitual + resultative (english: beR- + -an), locative (english: beR- + -an), collective (english: beR- + -an), variety (english: beR- + -an), verbal noun (english: beR- + -an), fruit] (english: beR- + -an), berbunuh-bunuhan [reduplication + stative (alt: redup + beR- + -an), habitual + resultative (alt: redup + beR- + -an), locative (alt: redup + beR- + -an), collective (alt: redup + beR- + -an), variety (alt: redup + beR- + -an), verbal noun (alt: redup + beR- + -an), fruit] (alt: redup + beR- + -an), bersibunuhan, bunuh diri (english: suicide), bunuh-membunuh

Verb [Proto-Malayic]

IPA: /bunuh/ Forms: mAmbunuh [active], nibunuh [passive]
Etymology: From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq. Etymology templates: {{inh|poz-mly-pro|poz-pro|*bunuq}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, {{inh|poz-mly-pro|map-pro|*buNuq}} Proto-Austronesian *buNuq Head templates: {{head|poz-mly-pro|verb|active|*mAmbunuh|passive|*nibunuh}} *bunuh (active *mAmbunuh, passive *nibunuh)
  1. (transitive) to kill Tags: reconstruction, transitive
    Sense id: en-bunuh-poz-mly-pro-verb-Ps~5DR-I Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Malayic entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "bunuh",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Malay bunuh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "bunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Malay bunuh",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*bunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *bunuh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*bunuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*buNuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *buNuq",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Malay bunuh, from Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "membunuh",
      "tags": [
        "active"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dibunuh",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "terbunuh",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "perfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "active",
        "4": "membunuh",
        "5": "passive",
        "6": "dibunuh",
        "7": "perfective passive",
        "8": "terbunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "bunuh (active membunuh, passive dibunuh, perfective passive terbunuh)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bu‧nuh"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "berbunuh-bunuhan"
        },
        {
          "word": "bersibunuh"
        },
        {
          "word": "bunuh-bunuhan"
        },
        {
          "word": "bunuh-membunuh"
        },
        {
          "word": "pembunuh"
        },
        {
          "word": "pembunuhan"
        },
        {
          "word": "bunuh diri"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kill"
      ],
      "id": "en-bunuh-id-verb-Ps~5DR-I",
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to kill"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "uncommon"
          ],
          "word": "matikan"
        },
        {
          "alt": "van Ophuijsen (1901–1947)",
          "word": "boenoeh"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbunuh/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbu.nʊh]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-unuh"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bunuh"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "bunuh",
            "inh": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pea",
            "2": "boenoe",
            "inh": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*bunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *bunuh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*bunuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*buNuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *buNuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms-old",
        "2": "वुनुः",
        "tr": "vunuḥ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Malay वुनुः (vunuḥ)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.\nFirst attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay वुनुः (vunuḥ), in inflected form nivunuh (current spelling dibunuh).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "بونوه",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "j": "بونوه"
      },
      "expansion": "bunuh (Jawi spelling بونوه)",
      "name": "ms-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "alt": "peN-",
          "word": "pembunuh [agentive"
        },
        {
          "alt": "peN-",
          "roman": "peN-",
          "word": "qualitative"
        },
        {
          "alt": "peN-",
          "roman": "peN-",
          "word": "instrumental"
        },
        {
          "alt": "peN-",
          "roman": "peN-",
          "word": "abstract"
        },
        {
          "alt": "peN-",
          "roman": "peN-",
          "word": "measure]"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "pembunuhan [agentive"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "qualitative"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "instrumental"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "abstract"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "measure + resultative"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "locative"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "collective"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "variety"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "verbal noun"
        },
        {
          "english": "peN- + -an",
          "word": "fruit]"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-an",
          "word": "bunuhan [resultative"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-an",
          "roman": "-an",
          "word": "locative"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-an",
          "roman": "-an",
          "word": "collective"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-an",
          "roman": "-an",
          "word": "variety"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-an",
          "roman": "-an",
          "word": "verbal noun"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-an",
          "roman": "-an",
          "word": "fruit]"
        },
        {
          "alt": "meN-",
          "word": "membunuh [agent focus]"
        },
        {
          "alt": "di-",
          "word": "dibunuh [patient focus]"
        },
        {
          "alt": "teR-",
          "word": "terbunuh [agentless action]"
        },
        {
          "english": "beR- + -an",
          "word": "berbunuhan [stative"
        },
        {
          "english": "beR- + -an",
          "word": "habitual + resultative"
        },
        {
          "english": "beR- + -an",
          "word": "locative"
        },
        {
          "english": "beR- + -an",
          "word": "collective"
        },
        {
          "english": "beR- + -an",
          "word": "variety"
        },
        {
          "english": "beR- + -an",
          "word": "verbal noun"
        },
        {
          "english": "beR- + -an",
          "word": "fruit]"
        },
        {
          "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
          "word": "berbunuh-bunuhan [reduplication + stative"
        },
        {
          "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
          "word": "habitual + resultative"
        },
        {
          "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
          "word": "locative"
        },
        {
          "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
          "word": "collective"
        },
        {
          "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
          "word": "variety"
        },
        {
          "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
          "word": "verbal noun"
        },
        {
          "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
          "word": "fruit]"
        },
        {
          "word": "bersibunuhan"
        },
        {
          "english": "suicide",
          "word": "bunuh diri"
        },
        {
          "word": "bunuh-membunuh"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kill (put to death)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bunuh-ms-verb-yU4PQlhv",
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bunuh/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbunʊh]",
      "note": "Johor-Riau"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbunoh]",
      "note": "Johor-Riau"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-unoh"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-noh"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oh"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uh"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bunuh"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibanic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iba",
            "2": "bunuh"
          },
          "expansion": "Iban: bunuh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Iban: bunuh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Malayan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ms",
            "2": "bunuh"
          },
          "expansion": "Malay: bunuh\n> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)\n> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Malay: bunuh\n> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)\n> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "min",
            "2": "bunuah"
          },
          "expansion": "Minangkabau: bunuah",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Minangkabau: bunuah"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urk",
            "2": "บูนาะฮ",
            "tr": "bunöh"
          },
          "expansion": "Urak Lawoi': บูนาะฮ (bunöh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urak Lawoi': บูนาะฮ (bunöh)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-mly-pro",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*bunuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-mly-pro",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*buNuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *buNuq",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mAmbunuh",
      "tags": [
        "active"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibunuh",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-mly-pro",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "active",
        "4": "*mAmbunuh",
        "5": "passive",
        "6": "*nibunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "*bunuh (active *mAmbunuh, passive *nibunuh)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Malayic",
  "lang_code": "poz-mly-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayic/bunuh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Malayic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kill"
      ],
      "id": "en-bunuh-poz-mly-pro-verb-Ps~5DR-I",
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to kill"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bunuh/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bunuh"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "berbunuh-bunuhan"
    },
    {
      "word": "bersibunuh"
    },
    {
      "word": "bunuh-bunuhan"
    },
    {
      "word": "bunuh-membunuh"
    },
    {
      "word": "pembunuh"
    },
    {
      "word": "pembunuhan"
    },
    {
      "word": "bunuh diri"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "bunuh",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Malay bunuh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "bunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Malay bunuh",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*bunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *bunuh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*bunuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*buNuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *buNuq",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Malay bunuh, from Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "membunuh",
      "tags": [
        "active"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dibunuh",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "terbunuh",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "perfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "active",
        "4": "membunuh",
        "5": "passive",
        "6": "dibunuh",
        "7": "perfective passive",
        "8": "terbunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "bunuh (active membunuh, passive dibunuh, perfective passive terbunuh)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bu‧nuh"
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian 2-syllable words",
        "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Indonesian lemmas",
        "Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
        "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
        "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
        "Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
        "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
        "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
        "Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Indonesian transitive verbs",
        "Indonesian verbs",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Indonesian/unuh",
        "Rhymes:Indonesian/unuh/2 syllables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kill"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to kill"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "uncommon"
          ],
          "word": "matikan"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbunuh/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbu.nʊh]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-unuh"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "alt": "van Ophuijsen (1901–1947)",
      "word": "boenoeh"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bunuh"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "peN-",
      "word": "pembunuh [agentive"
    },
    {
      "alt": "peN-",
      "roman": "peN-",
      "word": "qualitative"
    },
    {
      "alt": "peN-",
      "roman": "peN-",
      "word": "instrumental"
    },
    {
      "alt": "peN-",
      "roman": "peN-",
      "word": "abstract"
    },
    {
      "alt": "peN-",
      "roman": "peN-",
      "word": "measure]"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "pembunuhan [agentive"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "qualitative"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "instrumental"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "abstract"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "measure + resultative"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "locative"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "collective"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "variety"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "verbal noun"
    },
    {
      "english": "peN- + -an",
      "word": "fruit]"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-an",
      "word": "bunuhan [resultative"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-an",
      "roman": "-an",
      "word": "locative"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-an",
      "roman": "-an",
      "word": "collective"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-an",
      "roman": "-an",
      "word": "variety"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-an",
      "roman": "-an",
      "word": "verbal noun"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-an",
      "roman": "-an",
      "word": "fruit]"
    },
    {
      "alt": "meN-",
      "word": "membunuh [agent focus]"
    },
    {
      "alt": "di-",
      "word": "dibunuh [patient focus]"
    },
    {
      "alt": "teR-",
      "word": "terbunuh [agentless action]"
    },
    {
      "english": "beR- + -an",
      "word": "berbunuhan [stative"
    },
    {
      "english": "beR- + -an",
      "word": "habitual + resultative"
    },
    {
      "english": "beR- + -an",
      "word": "locative"
    },
    {
      "english": "beR- + -an",
      "word": "collective"
    },
    {
      "english": "beR- + -an",
      "word": "variety"
    },
    {
      "english": "beR- + -an",
      "word": "verbal noun"
    },
    {
      "english": "beR- + -an",
      "word": "fruit]"
    },
    {
      "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
      "word": "berbunuh-bunuhan [reduplication + stative"
    },
    {
      "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
      "word": "habitual + resultative"
    },
    {
      "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
      "word": "locative"
    },
    {
      "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
      "word": "collective"
    },
    {
      "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
      "word": "variety"
    },
    {
      "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
      "word": "verbal noun"
    },
    {
      "alt": "redup + beR- + -an",
      "word": "fruit]"
    },
    {
      "word": "bersibunuhan"
    },
    {
      "english": "suicide",
      "word": "bunuh diri"
    },
    {
      "word": "bunuh-membunuh"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "bunuh",
            "inh": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pea",
            "2": "boenoe",
            "inh": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*bunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *bunuh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*bunuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*buNuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *buNuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms-old",
        "2": "वुनुः",
        "tr": "vunuḥ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Malay वुनुः (vunuḥ)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *bunuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.\nFirst attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay वुनुः (vunuḥ), in inflected form nivunuh (current spelling dibunuh).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "بونوه",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "j": "بونوه"
      },
      "expansion": "bunuh (Jawi spelling بونوه)",
      "name": "ms-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
        "Malay lemmas",
        "Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
        "Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
        "Malay terms in nonstandard scripts",
        "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
        "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
        "Malay verbs",
        "Malay verbs without transitivity",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Malay/noh",
        "Rhymes:Malay/oh",
        "Rhymes:Malay/uh",
        "Rhymes:Malay/uh/2 syllables",
        "Rhymes:Malay/unoh"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kill (put to death)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bunuh/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbunʊh]",
      "note": "Johor-Riau"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbunoh]",
      "note": "Johor-Riau"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-unoh"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-noh"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oh"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uh"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bunuh"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibanic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iba",
            "2": "bunuh"
          },
          "expansion": "Iban: bunuh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Iban: bunuh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Malayan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ms",
            "2": "bunuh"
          },
          "expansion": "Malay: bunuh\n> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)\n> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Malay: bunuh\n> Indonesian: bunuh (inherited)\n> Peranakan Indonesian: boenoe (inherited)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "min",
            "2": "bunuah"
          },
          "expansion": "Minangkabau: bunuah",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Minangkabau: bunuah"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urk",
            "2": "บูนาะฮ",
            "tr": "bunöh"
          },
          "expansion": "Urak Lawoi': บูนาะฮ (bunöh)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urak Lawoi': บูนาะฮ (bunöh)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-mly-pro",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*bunuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-mly-pro",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*buNuq"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *buNuq",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bunuq, from Proto-Austronesian *buNuq.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mAmbunuh",
      "tags": [
        "active"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nibunuh",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "poz-mly-pro",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "active",
        "4": "*mAmbunuh",
        "5": "passive",
        "6": "*nibunuh"
      },
      "expansion": "*bunuh (active *mAmbunuh, passive *nibunuh)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Malayic",
  "lang_code": "poz-mly-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayic/bunuh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Malayic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Malayic lemmas",
        "Proto-Malayic terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Proto-Malayic terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
        "Proto-Malayic terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
        "Proto-Malayic terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
        "Proto-Malayic transitive verbs",
        "Proto-Malayic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to kill"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kill",
          "kill"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to kill"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bunuh/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bunuh"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bunuh meaning in All languages combined (9.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.